During the meeting, both leaders exchanged several Memorandums of Understanding (MoUs) that aimed to enhance collaboration in sectors including health, digital infrastructure, defense, and technology. One of the main highlights was the emphasis on strengthening cooperation in the fields of Fintech, Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and digital public infrastructure.

Prime Minister Modi underscored Indonesia’s critical role as a key partner within the ASEAN framework and in the Indo-Pacific region. He reaffirmed India’s commitment to ASEAN’s centrality, a theme consistent with India’s ‘Act East’ policy, which seeks to strengthen ties with the countries of East and Southeast Asia. “Indonesia is an important partner for us in ASEAN and the Indo-Pacific regions, and we both agree that freedom of navigation should be ensured in accordance with international laws,” Modi remarked.

Looking forward, the year 2025 will be celebrated as the India-ASEAN Year of Tourism, with a focus on fostering greater cultural exchanges and promoting tourism between India and Indonesia. The two leaders also expressed their shared desire to maintain peace, security, prosperity, and the rule of law in the region.

Reflecting on the historical bond between the two nations, Prime Minister Modi highlighted Indonesia’s role as the Chief Guest at India’s first Republic Day in 1950. “As we celebrate 75 years of the Republic, it is a matter of great pride that Indonesia is part of this historic occasion,” Modi said.

Economic cooperation was also a key point of focus, with bilateral trade surpassing $30 billion last year. The leaders discussed enhanced collaborations in the fields of energy, critical minerals, science, technology, and space exploration. In particular, maritime safety and security were underscored, with a commitment to strengthening capacity-building, crime prevention, and search-and-rescue operations in the region.

Cybersecurity, counter-terrorism, and de-radicalization efforts were also central to the talks. The partnership aims to address growing security challenges in the Indo-Pacific by fostering stronger defense ties and collaborative security frameworks.

On the cultural front, both leaders spoke about the long-standing historical connections between India and Indonesia, particularly through the shared epics of Ramayana and Mahabharata, and India’s contribution to the conservation of Indonesia’s Prambanan Hindu Temple. The strengthening of cultural exchanges will serve as a bridge for further deepening bilateral ties.

Further reinforcing the strategic relationship, President Prabowo Subianto expressed gratitude for India’s unwavering support in Indonesia’s independence struggle and India’s continued support for Indonesia’s membership in BRICS. He emphasized that both nations are aligned in their commitment to global stability and regional cooperation, and he reiterated that the partnership would benefit the broader Global South.

The meeting concluded with both leaders reaffirming their shared commitment to peace, security, and prosperity in the Indo-Pacific region, setting the stage for a deeper and more dynamic India-Indonesia partnership in the years to come.

In a gesture of goodwill, President Prabowo also noted the Indonesian Embassy in India is located on land generously donated by the Indian government, highlighting the deep-rooted friendship between the two nations. He further expressed his honor in being invited as the Chief Guest for India’s 76th Republic Day, reflecting the warm ties that continue to flourish between the countries.

This strengthened partnership signals a new chapter in India-Indonesia relations, one poised to address both contemporary challenges and future opportunities on the global stage.

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The Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) of India issued a statement on social media reaffirming the country’s ongoing commitment to the Global South. It emphasized the importance of the assistance in strengthening São Tomé and Príncipe’s public health system, particularly in the face of ongoing challenges.

“India reaffirms its commitment to the Global South. Humanitarian assistance of medical supplies comprising life-saving and essential medicines, including insulin, blood glucose monitors, and strips, human albumin, ORS, etc., has been dispatched to São Tomé and Príncipe. This assistance will help strengthen the public health services of São Tomé and Príncipe,” the MEA statement read.

This is not the first time India has extended its helping hand to São Tomé and Príncipe. Over the years, the two countries have built a strong partnership, with India providing significant aid to support the island nation’s development. In 2019, India gifted 150 computers to São Tomé and Príncipe to enhance the information technology capabilities of its ministries and secondary schools. The following year, India donated medicines worth Euro 95,000 (approximately USD 111,150) to the country, further solidifying its role as a reliable partner in times of need.

In 2023, India again came to the aid of São Tomé and Príncipe with a donation of life-saving drugs and generic medicines valued at USD 25,000. This ongoing support highlights the long-standing friendship between the two nations, which dates back to São Tomé and Príncipe’s independence from Portugal in 1975.

The bilateral relationship between India and São Tomé and Príncipe has grown steadily over the years, with both countries engaging in high-level diplomatic exchanges. Leaders from both nations have met at various international forums, such as the United Nations and the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM). One notable milestone was the visit of Dr. Carlos Alberto Pires Tiny, the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Cooperation & Communities of São Tomé and Príncipe, to India in 2009—marking the first high-level visit between the two countries since the island nation gained independence.

São Tomé and Príncipe has also expressed its support for India on the global stage, particularly in the context of India’s bid for a Permanent Seat on the United Nations Security Council. In recognition of India’s role in promoting South-South cooperation and its contributions to international peacekeeping, São Tomé and Príncipe pledged to back India’s aspirations, as well as its candidacy for a Non-Permanent seat on the Security Council for the 2011-2012 term.

India’s latest humanitarian aid reinforces the nation’s long-standing commitment to the well-being and development of countries in the Global South, marking another chapter in the enduring friendship between India and São Tomé and Príncipe.

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Jaishankar began by discussing the increasing challenges posed by the “weaponization of market instruments and financial institutions,” noting that India’s rise in such unpredictable circumstances requires a focused strategy. He outlined that India must accelerate its domestic growth and modernization while simultaneously managing external risks. This can be achieved through political stability, inclusive growth, and ongoing reforms, particularly in key sectors such as manufacturing, food, and health security. By building internal strengths, Jaishankar stressed that India could become more competitive in the global arena.

The EAM further emphasized the need for strategic autonomy in India’s foreign relations, asserting that India’s stance is neither aligned with the West nor against it. Rather, its strategic interests ensure that it maintains a balanced approach that serves its national interests without antagonizing any global power.

On the subject of India’s international image, Jaishankar highlighted the country’s diplomatic philosophy of “maximizing friendships and minimizing problems.” Drawing from India’s tradition of openness, he described the nation’s role as that of the “Vishwabandhu,” a reliable partner and dependable friend on the world stage. He explained that India’s diplomatic efforts focus on advancing multiple relationships, ensuring that none are exclusive while simultaneously bridging polarized divides.

A central theme of Jaishankar’s speech was India’s growing engagement with regional players and middle powers. He noted that a conscious effort is being made to deepen ties with these nations, contributing to India’s expanding diplomatic profile, particularly in regions such as the Gulf, Africa, and the Caribbean. He identified the concept of “three mutuals”—mutual respect, mutual sensitivity, and mutual interest—as the cornerstone of India’s foreign policy.

Jaishankar also pointed to several key initiatives that have reinforced India’s standing on the global stage. These include the International Solar Alliance, the Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI), the Global South Summit, India’s G20 presidency, and its proactive role in supplying COVID-19 vaccines worldwide. Each of these efforts underscores India’s commitment to global cooperation and its ability to play a pivotal role in addressing pressing global challenges.

In conclusion, Jaishankar’s remarks underscored India’s strategic approach to foreign policy in a rapidly changing world. By focusing on strengthening internal capabilities, building diverse international partnerships, and upholding the values of mutual respect and cooperation, India is poised to enhance its global influence while navigating the complexities of modern diplomacy.

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During his address, Jaishankar pointed out that women-led development had already been incorporated into India’s foreign policy. He emphasized the necessity of involving women in all societal spheres, which is central to India’s progress toward becoming a developed nation. He also noted that during India’s chairmanship of the G20 Summit, the country strongly advocated for the concept of women-led development, ensuring its inclusion in the G20’s conceptual framework. This advocacy was also highlighted during the Summit of the Future.

Jaishankar elaborated on India’s development cooperation with nations, particularly in the Global South, where the country engages in various projects and capacity-building efforts across 78 countries. He remarked that many of these initiatives focus on gender-sensitive issues, women’s equality, and opportunities, illustrating how these goals are deeply embedded within India’s foreign policy.

The External Affairs Minister also linked the advancement of women to the broader goal of achieving a Viksit Bharat, stressing that a modern, industrial, and tech-centric society could not overlook half of its talent. He emphasized the importance of addressing traditional and societal barriers to women’s participation in the economy and development.

Jaishankar further discussed the role of women role models, emphasizing the need to make these examples not just visible but also trends that can be internalized and replicated across society for broader transformational change.

In his concluding remarks, Jaishankar pointed out that while economic metrics such as GDP and infrastructure are often used to measure the progress of a nation, true development must also consider the human side of progress—an aspect that includes ensuring gender equality and women’s empowerment.

The Pravasi Bharatiya Divas (PBD) Convention, held annually, serves as a significant platform for the Indian government to engage with the global Indian diaspora. This year’s 18th edition, organized in collaboration with the Odisha state government, took place in Bhubaneswar from January 8 to 10. The theme of this year’s convention, “Diaspora’s Contribution to a Viksit Bharat,” reflects India’s focus on leveraging the diaspora’s support in shaping the nation’s future. Over 50 countries are represented by diaspora members who have registered for the event, underscoring the global significance of the gathering.

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In his acceptance remarks, streamed on the social media platform X,

Jaishankar expressed gratitude to the SIES, one of India’s oldest educational societies, for the exceptional honour. He reflected on the enduring contributions of Maha Periyavar, including the celebrated musical composition “Maithreem Bhajatham,” which advocates universal brotherhood and compassion. He emphasized the international reach and influence of Maha Periyavar’s vision, noting how his teachings resonate on the global stage.

Jaishankar’s speech underscored India’s emergence as an independent power committed to global welfare, particularly the well-being of the Global South. He emphasized the importance of self-confidence in the nation’s capabilities, urging people to disregard voices that undermine India’s potential. “This confidence,” he stated, “is what makes India a timeless reality in an ever-changing world.”

He pointed out that India’s growing assertiveness stems from a sense of independence, which does not signify distancing from dominant global narratives but instead reflects India’s ability to approach challenges with unique solutions. Citing examples, he highlighted India’s advocacy for diplomacy and dialogue during conflicts when much of the world had turned away, its uncompromising stance on terrorism, its support for the African Union in the G20, and its leadership during the COVID-19 pandemic. These actions, he said, showcase India’s commitment to doing what is right for its national interest and the global good.

Jaishankar clarified that independence should not be mistaken for neutrality. “Bharat can never permit others to have a veto on its choices,” he declared, emphasizing that the nation’s decisions are guided by its interests and moral compass. He also pointed to India’s promotion of Shree Anna (millets), Yoga, and its broader civilizational heritage as examples of how the country is deepening its global influence.

The minister highlighted that a strong belief in India’s capabilities, coupled with a recognition of its rich traditions and heritage, will shape its journey toward prosperity. He credited the teachings of Maha Periyavar as a guiding force in this transformative journey, asserting that such values will continue to drive India’s aspirations on the global stage.

This honour recognizes Jaishankar’s pivotal role in shaping India’s foreign policy and his efforts to position Bharat as a nation of significance in the evolving global order.

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The summit, held in New Delhi on December 3, was organized by the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) in partnership with the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), Ministry of Commerce and Industry.

Kant pointed out that emerging markets are expected to contribute a significant portion of global growth over the next three decades, underscoring the need to redesign financial institutions to better serve the needs of the Global South. He also stressed the importance of technological innovation, particularly Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI), in driving economic growth in the region. “India has demonstrated this by technologically pole-vaulting through the Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI). The important thing about DPI is that it is open source, open API, and globally interoperable. The data belongs to the citizen, not monopolized by big tech,” Kant said.

In addition, Kant called for a credit rating system for companies based on their greenhouse gas emissions, as large companies are responsible for a significant share of such emissions.

Rithi Pich, Secretary of State (Deputy Minister) at the Ministry of Commerce, Kingdom of Cambodia, noted that South-South cooperation has evolved into a vital mechanism to address the unique challenges faced by developing nations due to differences in resources, technology, and infrastructure. “By fostering trade and national and global integration, we would be able to create inclusive and sustainable economic opportunities to counteract global economic and trade uncertainties,” Pich added.

Minn Minn, Deputy Minister of Commerce, Republic of the Union of Myanmar, emphasized the need for coordinated and concrete actions to bridge the divide. “South-South cooperation provides a pathway for developing nations to share resources, knowledge, and innovative solutions to our unique context,” he stated. He also reiterated Myanmar’s commitment to regional integration.

Vikramjit Singh Sahney, Member of Rajya Sabha, India, and Chairman of Sun International Limited, remarked that this century belongs to the South-South and called for expanded trade. He identified five ‘Fs’ that should define the South-South partnership: food, fuel, fertilizers, freight, and the future. He suggested that developing countries must unite on international platforms to strengthen their negotiating power, especially in trade and climate finance.

Robert Appelbaum, Executive Consultant at Webber Wentzel, South Africa, remarked that South-South partnerships must go beyond procurement and become truly collaborative. He pointed to India’s support for vaccine supply during the COVID-19 pandemic as a strong example of such cooperation.

Nicholas Smedley, Chairman of FINDI, Australia, praised India’s collaborative approach with its regional neighbors, its economic reforms, and its ties across borders, which have spurred growth in services, manufacturing, and construction sectors in the region. He noted that India is uniquely positioned due to its geography, resources, and a young, driven workforce.

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